536 The Romano-Byzantine general Belisarius enters Rome, as the Ostrogoths retreat

730 Battle of Marj Ardabil: The Khazars annihilate an Umayyad army in northwestern Iran

1625 Treaty of the Hague: England & the Netherlands agree to subsidize Denmark in the Thirty Years' War

1824 Battle of Ayacucho, Peru: Antonio de Sucre's Peruvian & Chilean forces defeat the Spanish, securing Peru's independence

1835 The Battle of San Antonio de Bexar, the Texian rebels capture the town from the Mexicans

1854 Alfred Lord Tennyson's "The Charge of the Light Brigade" is published

1861 Battle of Bird Creek, Indian Territory

1899 Stormberg, First Battle of "Black Week": the Boers defeat the British, capturing an entire battalion

1910 French troops occupy Agadir, Morroco

1917 General Sir Edmund Allenby enters Jerusalem, on foot

1931 Japanese army attacks the Chinese province of Jehol

1931 The Constituent Assembly approves a constitution for the Second Spanish Republic

1933 Romania bans Fascistic Iron Guard

1938 Prototype radar installed on USS 'New York' (BB-34)

1939 Russian air raid on Helsinki

1940 The British open an offensive in North Africa, against the Italian Tenth Army

1940 The Greeks begin a counteroffensive against the Italians in Albania

1941 China declares war on Japan, after nine years of "incidents", as do Cuba, Guatemala, the Philippine Commonwealth, and the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea,

1941 Japanese troops from Kwajalein occupy Tarawa in the Gilberts

1941 Luzon: Japanese bomb Nichols Field

1941 Malaya: Japanese capture Khota Baru airfield

1941 Siam agrees to a cease-fire with Japan

1942 Australians capture Gona in hand-to-hand fighting

1943 Bougainville: Seabees complete Torokina airstrip

1943 Chiang Kai-shek requests increased US financial and air assistance

1946 The Nuremberg "Doctors' trial" begins, against physicians and officers who conducted Nazi human experimentation, euthanasia, and mass murder

1948 UN General Assembly unanimously approves Convention on Genocide

1961 SS Col Adolf Eichmann is convicted of war crimes in Israel

1967 Nicolea Ceausescu becomes President of the Romanian Council of State, initiating over two decades of personal rule (1967-1989)

1987 Palestinian uprising begins in the Israeli-occupied West Bank

1992 Operation Restore Hope begins: US Marines land in Somalia