45 Caesar introduces his new calendar

1704 Deerfield Massacre: French & Indian raid on the Massachusetts town leaves c. 100 dead

1720 Queen Ulrike Eleonora of Sweden (1718-1720), abdicates in favor of her husband, Frederick I (1720-1751)

1856 Crimean War: Hostilities cease

1864 President Lincoln signs U.S. Grant's commission as the first substantive lieutenant general in the army since Washington

1872 Albert O'Conner attempts to assassinate Queen Victoria

1920 Adm. Miklos Horthy de Nagybanya becomes Regent of Hungary (1920-1944)

1932 Fascistic Lapua Movement attempts a coup in Finland

1936 FDR signs the Second Neutrality Act

1944 Admiralty Is.: U.S. troops land on Los Negros, to help encircle Rabaul

1948 Palestine: Stern Gang kills 27 British soldiers in a bomb attack on a train

1960 JFK makes the "Missile Gap" a campaign issue

1971 Morocco executes ten army officers for a coup attempt

1972 The ROKs withdraw from Vietnam