597 BC Nebuchadnezzar's Babylonians capture Jerusalem, destroying the First Temple

1190 Crusaders massacre the Jews of York, England, c. 500 die

1322 Battle of Boroughbridge: Sir Andrew Harclay defeats the Earl of Lancaster

1527 Battle of Khanna: Babur's Moghuls defeat the Rajputs

1792 Swedish King Gustav III mortally wounded by an assassin, which inspires Verdi's "Un Ballo in Maschera"

1815 William I of Orange proclaimed King of the Netherlands, including Belgium

1861 Confederate government appoints commissioners to Britain & France in the hope of securing recognition or aid

1865 Battle of Averysboro, NC

1882 US Senate ratifies treaty establishing the International Red Cross

1916 The new Dutch passenger liner 'Tubatina' is torpedoed off the Netherlands, Germany denies responsibility despite the recovery of portions of the torpedo

1922 Sultan Fuad of Egypt (1917-1922) is crowned King of Egypt (1922-1936)

1926 Robert Goddard launches the first liquid-fueled rocket, to 184 feet

1935 Hitler announces German rearmament, after years of covert efforts under the Weimar Republic, in violation of the Treaty of Versailles

1939 Hungary annexes Carpatho-Ukraine district of Czechoslovakia

1941 The Pennsylvania Railroad's Cleveland-Pittsburgh express is derailed near Baden, Pa., by Ukrainian fascists acting in German pay; 5 dead, c. 114 injured

1943 Solomon Is: U.S. destroyers shell Vila.

1944 USS 'Tautog' (SS-199) sinks Japanese DD 'Shirakumo' off Hokkaido

1945 Iwo Jima: organized Japanese resistance ends, mopping up continues.

1966 Gemini 8 launched with Armstrong & Scott, aborted after 6.5 orbits

1968 My Lai Massacre, perhaps 450 die

1985 Hezbollah terrorists capture Associated Press correspondent Terry Anderson, hold him until 1991

1993 Terrorist bombing in the Bow Bazar, Calcutta, 69 die