191 BC Ovation for M. Fulvius Nobilior, for victories in Further Spain

143 BC The Vestal Aemilia is found guilty of breaking her vow of chastity and is sentenced to be interred alive

69 Battle of Carsulae: The Vespasianists defeat the Vitellians c. 60 miles north of Rome – last notable battle of the "Year of the Four Emperors"

1422 Coronation of nine-month-old King Henry VI of England as King of France (1422-1453), in rivalry to Charles VII the "the Well-Served"

1460 Battle of Worksop: The Lancastrians defeat Richard of York

1476 Gian Galeazzo Sforza succeeds to the Duchy of Milan (1476-1479)

1497 Vasco da Gama rounds the Cape of Good Hope, to enter the Indian Ocean

1598 Naval Battle of Noryang: The Koreans decisively defeat a Japanese invasion fleet

1653 Calling himself "Lord Protector", Oliver Cromwell establishes a dictatorship over England, Scotland, & Ireland

1689 Parliament adopts the [English] "Bill of Rights"

1773 Boston Tea Party: American colonists protest taxation without representation

1809 Napoleon divorces Josephine

1821 American Colonization Society buys what will become Liberia

1835 "Great Fire" of New York begins; in two days $20 million (today from c. $.5 billion to c. $242 billion) is lost as over 600 buildings burn, including the stock exchange, banks, and insurance companies, initiating an economic slump

1838 Battle of Blood River: Boer settlers defeat a Zulu army

1866 USS 'New Ironsides', the most powerful American warship afloat, burns at League Island

1897 John P. Holland demonstrates the first sub with an internal combustion engine

1900 A gale at Malaga, Spain, hurls the German Navy training ship 'Gneisenau' against a breakwater; c. 40 die 420 are rescued

1907 Great White Fleet leaves Hampton Roads on its world cruise

1914 German battlecruisers shell the British resort towns of Scarborough and Hartlepool

1941 Borneo: Japanese troops land at Miri, Sarawak

1941 Japanese Carriers 'Hiryu' and 'Soryu' ordered to attack Wake

1941 Malaya: Japanese forces land at Penang

1942 Papua: US Lt Gen Robert Eichelberger takes over direct command of the 32nd Inf Div after 2 commanders are WIA

1943 Japanese sub 'I-29' departs Penang to run the Allied blockade to German-held France

1944 Chinese forces in northern Burma capture Bhamo

1944 George C. Marshall is promoted to five-star rank as a General of the Army

1944 The German offensive in the Ardennes initiates the Battle of the Bulge

1944 German V-2 strikes Antwerp theatre, 638 killed

1960 A United DC-8 collides with a TWA Constellation over the Narrows, with debris falling on Brooklyn & Staten Is; all 128 aboard die, as do 6 people on the ground.

1971 Pakistan accepts an armistice, ending the Bangladesh Liberation War and Indo-Pakistani War of 1971

2014 Massacre at the Pakistani Army Public School in Peshawar: Tehrik-i-Taliban militants kill 145, mostly students