29 BC Augustus closes the doors of the Temple of Janus, symbolizing the Republic is at peace, the third closing and the first since 235 BC

1158 Election of Vladislav II as King of Bohemia (1158-11720, abdicates, d. 1174

1785 The Continental Congress convenes in New York

1861 Alabama becomes 4th state to secede

1861 Mexico City is captured by the Juaristas in the War of the Reform

1863 CSS 'Alabama' sinks USS 'Hatteras' off Galveston

1863 Union forces capture Arkansas Post/Ft Hindman

1865 Battle of Beverly, WVa

1879 The Great Anglo-Zulu War begins

1904 The Herero of German Southwest Africa revolt against colonial domination

1919 Romania annexes Transylvania

1923 France & Belgium occupy the Ruhr to collect reparations from Germany

1942 American Samoa: Japanese submarine shells Pago Pago

1942 Bataan: Heavy fighting

1942 'Saratoga' (CV-3) torpedoed SW of Oahu

1942 Celebes: Japanese SNLF airborne & amphibious landings.

1942 Malaya: Japanese capture Kuala Lumpur

1943 Guadalcanal: US 35th Inf Rgt succeeds in encircling the Gifu, against fierce Japanese resistance.

1943 New Guinea: Aus Kanga Force begins 3-day raid against Japanese at Mubo

1944 Krakow-Plaszow Concentration Camp established

1944 New Guinea: Allied airfield at Saidor becomes operational.

1945 Japanese decide to put remaining resources into suicide weapons.

1946 Enver Hoxha proclaims the People's Republic of Albania with himself as dictator (1945-1985)

1951 After 12 days alone aboard his dangerously listing vessel in heavy seas of Britain, Capt. Kurt Carlsen abandons the 'Flying Enterprise', which sinks.

1976 Military coup in Ecuador ousts Dictator/President Guillermo Rodriguez Lara (1972-1976)

1989 140 nations agree to ban chemical weapons

1991 Congress authorizes Pres G.H.W. Bush to undertake offensive operations against Iraq